BMW 520 (E12)(1972-81)
Overview: The **BMW 520 (E12, 1972–1981)** was a pivotal model for BMW, as it marked the **first generation of the 5 Series**, establishing a new era for the brand’s executive sedan lineup. Here’s why it was significant:
- **Foundation of the 5 Series Legacy**: The E12 was the **first-ever 5 Series**, setting the stage for BMW’s dominance in the luxury sedan market.
- **Design Evolution**: Styled by **Paul Bracq** and influenced by **Marcello Gandini**, the E12 introduced a more refined and aerodynamic look compared to its predecessor, the **BMW New Class** - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMW_5_Series_%28E12%29).
- **Engineering Advancements**: It featured **advanced safety systems**, including **crumple zones**, which were developed using computer simulations—an innovation at the time.
- **Performance & Variety**: The 520 was powered by **inline-four and inline-six engines**, offering a balance of efficiency and driving pleasure - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMW_5_Series_%28E12%29).
- **Global Expansion**: The E12 was produced in **Germany, South Africa, Indonesia, and Thailand**, showcasing BMW’s growing international presence - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMW_5_Series_%28E12%29).
- **Motorsport Influence**: While there was no official **M5** variant, the **M535i** was introduced as a high-performance version, laying the groundwork for future M models - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMW_5_Series_%28E12%29).
The **BMW 520 E12** wasn’t just a car—it was the beginning of a dynasty that continues to define BMW’s identity today. *****
Production Total: The total production of the BMW 520 (E12) from 1972 to 1981 was approximately **700,000 units** - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMW_5_Series_%28E12%29).
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Price New: In 1972, the new price of a BMW 520 in the UK was approximately **£3,000**.
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Rivals: In 1972, the new prices of some of the main rivals of the BMW 520 in the UK were approximately:
1. **Mercedes-Benz 200**: £2,800
2. **Audi 100**: £2,700
3. **Ford Granada**: £2,500 View This Rival: https://www.stillmotoring.co.uk/items-1-2/ford-granada-mk-1-(1972-77)
4. **Rover P6 2000**: £2,400 View This Later Rival: https://www.stillmotoring.co.uk/items-7/rover-2200-tc-(1973-77)
These prices reflect the competitive landscape of the executive car market during that era.
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Sales: The **BMW 520 (E12, 1972–1981)** was a **sales success**, as it marked the **first generation of the 5 Series**, establishing BMW’s presence in the executive sedan market. The E12 was well-received, offering a blend of **luxury, performance, and advanced engineering**.
BMW produced the E12 in **multiple global locations**, including **Germany, South Africa, Indonesia, and Thailand** - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMW_5_Series_%28E12%29), demonstrating its international appeal. The model was praised for its **refined driving dynamics, safety innovations, and stylish design**, helping BMW solidify its reputation as a premium automaker Review | Honest John - Honest John Classics](https://classics.honestjohn.co.uk/reviews/bmw/5-series-e12/).
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Recorded in UK 2025
As of the latest data, there are **29 BMW 520 (E12)** models still on the road in the UK.
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PLEASE NOTE: The information provided below is given in averages across Northern Ireland at the date specified. Petrol reflect average prices for four star fuel in litres.
Road Tax: In 1972, the cost of road tax for a BMW 520 in the UK was approximately **£25 per year**.
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Petrol: In 1972, the price of four-star petrol in the UK was approximately **35.25 pence per litre** - Citroen HY Online](https://www.citroenhyonline.co.uk/resources/AA%20Petrol_Prices_1896_2012_gallons.pdf).
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Insurance: In 1972, the average cost of insurance for a BMW 520 in the UK was approximately **£150 per year**.
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COST OF LIVING UK
In 1971, the average annual salary in the UK was approximately **£1,500** for male manual workers and **£750** for female manual workers.
Using the average annual inflation rate of **5.11%** between 1971 and 2025, **£1,500 in 1971 would be equivalent to approximately £27,090 in 2025**.
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In 1971, the average price of a house in the UK was around **£4,975**. Adjusting for inflation, this would be approximately **£75,000 to £80,000** in today's terms.
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In 1971, the average price of a new car in the UK was around **£1,000**.
Adjusting for inflation, this would be approximately **£15,000 to £16,000** in today's terms.
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In 1971, the average price of a loaf of bread in the UK was around **10 pence**. Adjusting for inflation, **10 pence in 1971** would be approximately **£1.75 to £2** in 2025 terms.
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Combining urban and rural averages across the UK, the estimated average cost per mile of a bus journey in 1971 was approximately: 6p per mile. Adjusting for inflation, **6 pence in 1971** would be approximately **£1.05 to £1.10** in 2025 terms.
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The average cost of a taxi fare per mile in the UK in 1971 was approximately 22.5 new pence (£0.225). Adjusting for inflation, **22.5 pence in 1971** would be approximately **£3.95 to £4.25** in 2025 terms.
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In 1971, the average cost per mile for a railway journey in the UK was around **1 penny per mile** (approximately **£0.03 to £0.04** in today's terms).
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In 1971, there were approximately **6.5 million vehicles** on UK roads. This included a mix of private cars, commercial vehicles, and motorcycles. As of 2025, there are approximately **41.4 million vehicles** on UK roads.
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COMMON FAULTS
Please Note: Common Faults in Regularly Used Vehicles vs. Low-Mileage Stored Vehicles that have been used consistently over many years, accumulating approximately 10,000–12,000 miles annually, are more prone to common faults due to regular wear and tear. These issues typically arise from the natural aging of components subjected to frequent use, such as engine parts, suspension systems, brakes, and tires. In contrast, vehicles with low mileage that have been stored or preserved are likely to experience different types of issues. These vehicles are often better maintained to ensure their longevity and may avoid some of the typical wear-and-tear problems seen in regularly driven cars. However, they can still face unique challenges such as degradation of rubber seals, corrosion from prolonged inactivity, or fuel system issues caused by old or stagnant fuel.
The BMW 520 (E12) from 1972 to 1981 is a classic car with a lot of charm, but like any vehicle of its age, it has its share of common issues. Here are some of the most frequently reported faults:
1. Rust: One of the most significant problems with the E12 is rust, particularly in the wheel arches, sills, and floor pans.
2. Electrical Issues: The wiring and electrical components can be problematic, often due to age and wear.
3. Cooling System: The cooling system, including the radiator and water pump, can be prone to leaks and failures.
4. Brakes: The braking system may require frequent maintenance, with issues such as weak brakes and the need for regular brake fluid changes.
5. Suspension: Worn suspension components, including bushings and shock absorbers, are common.
6. Engine Problems: Issues such as oil leaks, worn piston rings, and timing chain wear can occur.
Despite these issues, many enthusiasts find the E12 to be a rewarding car to own and drive, especially with proper maintenance and care.
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Generations/Trim Levels
Please Note: Generations and Trim Levels Across Countries
Generations and trim levels of vehicles often vary between countries as manufacturers tailor models to meet the preferences and requirements of specific markets. For example, a trim level designated as “GL” in the UK might be labelled as “XS” in another country. Due to these regional differences, the information provided on this site pertains exclusively to UK-specific products.
The BMW 5 Series has gone through eight generations since its inception. Here’s a breakdown of each generation and their production years:
1. First Generation (E12): 1972-1981
2. Second Generation (E28): 1981-1988
3. Third Generation (E34): 1988-1996
4. Fourth Generation (E39): 1995-2003
5. Fifth Generation (E60/E61): 2003-2010
6. Sixth Generation (F10/F11/F07): 2010-2017
7. Seventh Generation (G30/G31): 2017-2023
8. Eighth Generation (G60): 2024-present
Each generation brought advancements in technology, design, and performance, making the 5 Series a staple in the executive car segment.
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Trim Levels
The BMW 520 (E12) from 1972 to 1981 had several trim levels and variations over its production run. Here are some of the notable ones:
1. 520: The base model, initially equipped with a 2.0-liter inline-four engine, available with either a carburettor or fuel injection (520i).
2. 520i: Featured fuel injection for improved performance and efficiency.
3. 525: Introduced later, this model came with a 2.5-liter inline-six engine, offering more power and smoother performance.
4. 528: Another upgrade, featuring a 2.8-liter inline-six engine, providing even more power.
5. 530: Equipped with a 3.0-liter inline-six engine, this model was one of the more powerful options available.
6. M535i: A high-performance variant introduced towards the end of the E12’s production, featuring a 3.5-liter engine and various performance enhancements.
These trim levels offered a range of options for different driving preferences, from the more economical 520 to the sporty M535i.
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Engines
The BMW 520 (E12) from 1972 to 1981 had several engine options over its production run. Here are the main engines and their power outputs:
1. 2.0-liter Inline-Four (M10):
o Power Output: 113 bhp (115 PS/84 kW) at 5800 rpm
o Torque: 165 Nm (122 lb-ft) at 3700 rpm
2. 2.0-liter Inline-Six (M20):
o Power Output: 120 bhp (122 PS/90 kW) at 6000 rpm
o Torque: 160 Nm (118 lb-ft) at 4000 rpm
3. 2.0-liter Inline-Four (M10) with Fuel Injection (520i):
o Power Output: 128 bhp (130 PS/95 kW) at 5800 rpm
o Torque: 178 Nm (131 lb-ft) at 4500 rpm
These engines provided a range of performance options, from the more economical inline-four to the more powerful inline-six.
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Performance
Here’s a breakdown of the performance you could expect from the three main versions of the BMW 520 (E12) from 1972 to 1981:
1. 2.0-liter Inline-Four (M10):
o Power Output: 113 bhp (115 PS/84 kW) at 5800 rpm
o Torque: 165 Nm (122 lb-ft) at 3700 rpm
o 0-60 mph (0-100 km/h): Approximately 11.9 seconds
o Top Speed: Around 107 mph (172 km/h)
2. 2.0-liter Inline-Six (M20):
o Power Output: 120 bhp (122 PS/90 kW) at 6000 rpm
o Torque: 160 Nm (118 lb-ft) at 4000 rpm
o 0-60 mph (0-100 km/h): Approximately 12.4 seconds
o Top Speed: Around 112 mph (180 km/h)
3. 2.0-liter Inline-Four (M10) with Fuel Injection (520i):
o Power Output: 128 bhp (130 PS/95 kW) at 5800 rpm
o Torque: 178 Nm (131 lb-ft) at 4500 rpm
o 0-60 mph (0-100 km/h): Approximately 10.5 seconds
o Top Speed: Around 115 mph (185 km/h)
These performance figures highlight the range of options available, from the more economical inline-four to the more powerful fuel-injected version.
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Rivals
Here are the performance figures for some of the main rivals of the BMW 520 in 1972:
1. **Mercedes-Benz 200**:
- **0-60 mph**: Approximately 14.0 seconds
- **Top Speed**: Around 100 mph (161 km/h)
- **Power Output**: 95 hp
2. **Audi 100**:
- **0-60 mph**: Approximately 12.5 seconds
- **Top Speed**: Around 105 mph (169 km/h)
- **Power Output**: 112 hp
3. **Ford Granada**:
- **0-60 mph**: Approximately 11.5 seconds
- **Top Speed**: Around 110 mph (177 km/h)
- **Power Output**: 138 hp
4. **Rover P6 2000**:
- **0-60 mph**: Approximately 13.5 seconds
- **Top Speed**: Around 103 mph (166 km/h)
- **Power Output**: 104 hp
These performance figures highlight the competitive nature of the executive car market during that era, with each model offering a unique blend of power and efficiency.
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Designer/Dimensions
The BMW 520 (E12) was designed by **Paul Bracq** - Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BMW_5_Series_%28E12%29).
Here are the dimensions of the 1972 BMW 520:
- **Length**: 4,620 mm (181.9 inches)
- **Width**: 1,690 mm (66.5 inches)
- **Height**: 1,425 mm (56.1 inches)
- **Wheelbase**: 2,636 mm (103.8 inches)
- **Curb Weight**: 1,230 kg (2,712 lbs) 520 (115 Hp) | Technical specs, data, fuel ...](https://www.auto-data.net/en/bmw-5-series-e12-520-115hp-9692).
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Spares/Specialists NI
Finding spares for a classic BMW 520 (E12) can be a bit of a treasure hunt, but there are several reliable sources in the UK and Ireland where you can find parts:
1. EU-Spares: They offer a comprehensive catalogue of parts for the BMW 5 Series, including the E12.
2. PartFinder.ie: This site allows you to submit parts requests and get responses from various dismantlers across Ireland.
3. BMW-Spare-Parts.co.uk: An online catalogue for genuine BMW parts, where you can search by model or part number.
These sources should help you find the parts you need to keep your classic BMW running smoothly.
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Specialists NI
Here are some reputable garage services in Northern Ireland that can help with your BMW 520 (E12):
1. PJS Auto Engineering (Bellaghy):
o Specializes in BMW and other German cars.
o Offers a range of services including diagnostics, engine repairs, transmission repairs, and more.
2. DW Autos (Ballyclare):
o Independent specialists in BMW and Mini servicing, diagnostics, and MOT preparations.
o Known for high-quality service at competitive rates.
3. ClickMechanic:
o Provides a network of trusted mechanics across Northern Ireland.
o Offers convenient next-day service at your location.
4. Bavarian BMW (Belfast):
o Part of the Agnew Group, offering dealership-level service and expertise.
o Provides servicing, parts, and a range of new and used BMW cars.
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Racing
The BMW 520 (E12) did have a presence in racing, particularly in touring car championships. One notable example is the BMW 530 MLE (Motorsport Limited Edition), which was a special version of the E12 developed specifically for racing in South Africa. This model was highly successful in the South African Modified Production Series, winning numerous races and championships.
Additionally, the E12 platform was used in various other motorsport events, including European touring car races. The E12’s robust engineering and performance capabilities made it a competitive choice in its class.
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Valuations (2025)
The value of a 1972 BMW 520 today can vary significantly based on its condition, mileage, and originality. On average, you can expect to pay between **£8,950 and £53,000** for a well-maintained example.
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Clubs
BMW owners in Northern Ireland can find clubs to join and connect with fellow enthusiasts. Here are a couple of options:
1. **BMW Club Ulster Section**: This club is part of the official BMW Club, which encompasses the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland. They organize a variety of events throughout the year, including meet-ups, ride-outs, and tours. You can find more information on their [website](https://www.bmwclubulstersection.com/).
2. **BMW Car Club GB - Irish Region**: This club covers both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland. They host fun drives, local meetings, shows, and exhibitions. More details can be found on their [website](https://bmwcarclubgb.uk/regions/ireland/).
These clubs offer great opportunities to meet other BMW enthusiasts, participate in events, and share your passion for BMWs.
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