Volvo 400 Series (1988-96)

COMMON FAULTS
Please Note: Common Faults in Regularly Used Vehicles vs. Low-Mileage Stored Vehicles that have been used consistently over many years, accumulating approximately 10,000–12,000 miles annually, are more prone to common faults due to regular wear and tear. These issues typically arise from the natural aging of components subjected to frequent use, such as engine parts, suspension systems, brakes, and tires. In contrast, vehicles with low mileage that have been stored or preserved are likely to experience different types of issues. These vehicles are often better maintained to ensure their longevity and may avoid some of the typical wear-and-tear problems seen in regularly driven cars. However, they can still face unique challenges such as degradation of rubber seals, corrosion from prolonged inactivity, or fuel system issues caused by old or stagnant fuel.

The Volvo 400 series, which includes the 440, 460, and 480 models, has a few common faults that owners often encounter:

1. **Electrical Issues**: Problems with the electrical system, such as faulty wiring and issues with the dashboard lights, are common.

2. **Cooling System**: Radiator leaks and issues with the cooling system can occur, leading to overheating.

3. **Suspension**: Wear and tear on the suspension components, such as bushings and shock absorbers, can lead to a less comfortable ride.

4. **Rust**: Rust can be an issue, particularly around the wheel arches and underbody.

5. **Engine Problems**: Some owners report issues with the engine management system, leading to poor performance or starting problems.

Regular maintenance and addressing these issues promptly can help keep a Volvo 400 series in good condition.
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Generations/Trim Levels
Please Note: Generations and Trim Levels Across Countries
Generations and trim levels of vehicles often vary between countries as manufacturers tailor models to meet the preferences and requirements of specific markets. For example, a trim level designated as “GL” in the UK might be labelled as “XS” in another country. Due to these regional differences, the information provided on this site pertains exclusively to UK-specific products.

The Volvo 400 series had **two generations**:

1. **First Generation (1986-1993)**: This included the Volvo 480, which was the first model in the series, introduced in 1986. The 440 and 460 models followed in 1988 and 1989, respectively.

2. **Second Generation (1993-1996)**: This generation saw a facelift for the 440 and 460 models, with updated styling and improved features.
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Body Styles
The Volvo 400 series featured **two main body styles**:

1. **Hatchback**: This included both the three-door (Volvo 480) and five-door (Volvo 440) hatchback models.

2. **Saloon**: The Volvo 460 was the saloon version, offering a more traditional sedan body style.

These body styles provided a range of options for different preferences and needs.
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Trim Levels
The Volvo 400 series had several trim levels throughout its production. Here are the main ones:

1. **Base Model**: The standard trim with essential features.
2. **GL**: A step up with additional comfort and convenience features.
3. **GLE**: More luxurious, often including leather upholstery and upgraded audio systems.
4. **GLT**: The sportier trim with performance enhancements.
5. **Turbo**: Featured a turbocharged engine for improved performance.

These trim levels provided a range of options to suit different preferences and needs.
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Engines
The Volvo 400 series used several different engines throughout its production run. Here are the main ones:

1. **1.6-litre (1,596 cc) SOHC**: A four-cylinder engine.
2. **1.7-litre (1,721 cc) SOHC**: Available with or without a turbocharger.
3. **1.8-litre (1,794 cc) SOHC**: Another four-cylinder option.
4. **2.0-litre (1,998 cc) SOHC**: The largest petrol engine in the series.
5. **1.9-litre (1,870 cc) Turbo Diesel**: A diesel option for better fuel efficiency¹².

These engines provided a range of performance and efficiency options for the 440, 460, and 480 models.
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Performance
The Volvo 480 in 1988 offered impressive performance for its time. Here are the key performance figures:

### Volvo 480 Turbo (1988)
- **Engine**: 1.7L turbocharged inline-4
- **Power**: 118 bhp (88 kW) at 5,400 rpm
- **Torque**: 176 Nm (130 lb-ft) at 3,300 rpm
- **Top Speed**: 124 mph (200 km/h)
- **0-60 mph**: 8.6 seconds

### Volvo 480 ES 1.7 (1988)
- **Engine**: 1.7L naturally-aspirated inline-4
- **Power**: 108 bhp (80 kW) at 5,800 rpm
- **Torque**: 140 Nm (103 lb-ft) at 4,000 rpm
- **Top Speed**: 118 mph (190 km/h)
- **0-60 mph**: 9.5 seconds

These performance figures made the Volvo 480 a sporty and enjoyable car to drive.
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Rivals
In 1988, the main rivals of the Volvo 480 included the Volkswagen Scirocco, Honda CRX, and Ford Escort XR3i. Here's a brief overview of their performance:

### Volkswagen Scirocco 1.8
- **Engine**: 1.8L inline-4
- **Power**: 89 bhp (66 kW)
- **Top Speed**: 104 mph (167 km/h)
- **0-60 mph**: Approximately 10 seconds

### Honda CRX VTEC
- **Engine**: 1.6L inline-4
- **Power**: 148 bhp (110 kW)
- **Top Speed**: 130 mph (209 km/h)
- **0-60 mph**: 8.0 seconds - Auto Express](https://www.autoexpress.co.uk/honda/104940/honda-cr-x-buying-guide-and-review-1988-1991)

### Ford Escort XR3i
- **Engine**: 1.6L inline-4
- **Power**: 104 bhp (77 kW)
- **Top Speed**: 115 mph (185 km/h)
- **0-60 mph**: 10.5 seconds

These performance figures made the Volvo 480 competitive in its segment during that time.
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Designer/Dimensions
The Volvo 400 series was designed by **Peter van Kuilenburg**.

### Dimensions of Volvo 400 Series Versions

#### Volvo 480
- **Length**: 4,340 mm (170.9 in)
- **Width**: 1,710 mm (67.3 in)
- **Height**: 1,310 mm (51.6 in)
- **Wheelbase**: 2,500 mm (98.4 in)

#### Volvo 440
- **Length**: 4,312 mm (169.8 in)
- **Width**: 1,686 mm (66.4 in)
- **Height**: 1,390 mm (54.7 in)
- **Wheelbase**: 2,503 mm (98.5 in)

#### Volvo 460
- **Length**: 4,405 mm (173.4 in)
- **Width**: 1,686 mm (66.4 in)
- **Height**: 1,390 mm (54.7 in)
- **Wheelbase**: 2,503 mm (98.5 in)

These dimensions contributed to the distinct design and practical layout of the Volvo 400 series.
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Spares/Specialists
For locating spares for a Volvo 400 series in the UK or Ireland, you have several options:

1. **John Clark Parts Shop**: They offer a wide range of genuine Volvo parts, including body, interior, and engine parts.

2. **PartsforVolvosOnline**: This site provides a comprehensive selection of Volvo parts and accessories, with easy online ordering and quick delivery.

3. **Car-parts.ie**: They offer a vast inventory of original-quality spare parts for various Volvo models.

4. **VolvoPartShop**: Specializes in Volvo accessories and parts, with immediate dispatch available in the UK.

**NORTHERN IRELAND VOLVO SPECIALISTS**

County Antrim

1. **Agnew Belfast**: Although located in Belfast, this dealership is nearby and offers a full range of services for Volvo vehicles, including sales, servicing, and parts.

2. **Dennison Commercials**: Based in Ballyclare, they provide comprehensive services for Volvo trucks and commercial vehicles.

3. **Greers of Antrim**: Located in Antrim, they offer new car sales and other services for Volvo vehicles.

**County Armagh**

One notable Volvo specialist in County Armagh is:

**Noel Robinson Car Care Centre**: Located in Portadown, this family-owned business has been serving the community since 1981. They specialize in Volvo vehicles and offer a range of services, including repairs and maintenance. They are known for their reliable service and fair pricing.

**County Down**

1. **Agnew Belfast**: Located in Belfast, this official Volvo dealership offers a range of services including sales, servicing, and parts. They are well-regarded for their customer service.

2. **Noel Robinson Car Care Centre**: Based in Portadown, this family-owned business has been serving the community since 1981. They offer reliable repair services and are known for keeping costs down while ensuring vehicles are safe and MOT ready.

3. **Dennison Commercials Newry**: Located in Newry, this dealership is one of the longest-established Volvo Truck & Bus dealers in the UK and Ireland. They offer new and used trucks, commercial vehicle rentals, and comprehensive aftermarket services.

**County Fermanagh**

Finding a Volvo specialist specifically in County Fermanagh can be a bit challenging, but here are a couple of nearby options that might be helpful:

1. **Agnew Belfast**: Located in Belfast, this dealership offers a full range of services for Volvo vehicles, including sales, servicing, and parts..

2. **Dennison Commercials**: Based in Ballyclare, they provide comprehensive services for Volvo trucks and commercial vehicles.

**County Londonderry**

1. **Three Bridge Car Sales**: Located in Londonderry, they offer a range of services and have a good reputation for customer satisfaction.

2. **Approved Garages**: They have a network of garages in Londonderry that are qualified to work on all Volvo models³. You can find a local garage through their website.

3. **ClickMechanic**: They provide expert Volvo mechanics in Londonderry, offering convenient mobile services.

**County Tyrone**

1. **N R Trucks**: Based in Dungannon, they specialize in high-end Volvo trucks and offer a range of services including sales, rentals, and customizations.

2. **Dennison Commercials**: Located in Dungannon, they provide comprehensive services for Volvo trucks and commercial vehicles.
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Racing
The Volvo 400 series, including the 440, 460, and 480 models, was primarily designed as a range of practical, front-wheel-drive cars rather than for racing. While these models were known for their excellent handling and road-holding capabilities, they were not commonly used in competitive racing events.
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Valuation
The value of Volvo 400 series models in 2025 can vary based on factors such as condition, mileage, and originality. Here are the approximate values:

### Volvo 400 Series Values (2025)
- **Volvo 480**: £3,000 - £7,000
- **Volvo 440**: £1,500 - £4,000
- **Volvo 460**: £1,200 - £3,500

These values reflect the market trends for classic cars and the demand among enthusiasts and collectors.
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Clubs
There are clubs and communities for Volvo owners in Northern Ireland. Here are a few options:

### Volvo Owners Club Forum
- **Website**: [Volvo Owners Club Forum](https://www.volvoforums.org.uk/showthread.php?t=148296&nojs=1)
- **Description**: A forum where Volvo enthusiasts can discuss various topics, share experiences, and seek advice.

### Agnew Belfast – Volvo Cars
- **Location**: 1 Boucher Way, Belfast BT12 6RE
- **Phone**: 028 9068 6000
- **Website**: [Agnew Belfast](https://www.agnewcars.com/volvo/)
- **Description**: An official Volvo dealership that provides sales, service, and parts. They may also have information on local Volvo events and gatherings.

These clubs and forums can be great resources for connecting with other Volvo owners, finding parts, and getting advice on maintaining your vehicle.
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1988/COST OF LIVING UK
In 1988, the average annual wage in the UK was approximately **£10,000**.
£10,000 in 1988 is equivalent to approximately **£28,104** today.
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In 1988, the average house price in the UK was approximately **£45,000**](https://www.propertyinvestmentproject.co.uk/property-statistics/nationwide-average-house-price/).
£45,000 in 1988 is equivalent to approximately **£126,468** today.
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In 1988, the average price of a new car in the UK was approximately **£12,207**.
£12,207 in 1988 is equivalent to approximately **£30,000** today.
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In 1988, the average price of a loaf of bread in the UK was around **46 pence**.
46 pence in 1988 is equivalent to approximately **£1.29** today.
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